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Official Full Name: calpain 9
Also known as: GC36; nCL-4
Calpains are a ubiquitous, conserved family of calcium-dependent cysteine proteases. The calpain protein is a heterodimer composed of an invariant small subunit and a variable large subunit. The large subunit has a cysteine protease domain and both subunits have calcium-binding domains. Calpains have been implicated in neurodegenerative processes because their activation can be triggered by calcium influx and oxidative stress. The protein encoded by this gene is mainly expressed in the stomach and small intestine and may have specialized functions in the digestive tract. This gene is thought to be involved in stomach cancer. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.