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Official Full Name: ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 2
Also known as: ATX; NPP2; ATX-X; PDNP2; LysoPLD; AUTOTAXIN; PD-IALPHA
The protein encoded by this gene acts either as a phosphodiesterase, which cleaves the phosphodiester bond at the 5' end of an oligonucleotide, or as a phospholipase, which catalyzes the production of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in the extracellular fluid. LPA elicits growth factor-like responses, including stimulation of cell proliferation and chemotaxis. The gene product stimulates the motility of tumor cells and has angiogenic properties, and its expression is upregulated in several cancers. Gene products are secreted and further processed to produce biologically active forms. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified.