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Eotaxin is a potent chemoattractant for eosinophils. It is a member of the CC chemokine family and it is expressed only in the adult gut, thymus and skin. The human factor consists of 74 amino acid residues. Its members are produced by lung and bronchial epithelial cells, induced by interleukin-4, and repressed by interferon gamma. Mainly responsible for the infiltration of eosinophils into the site of allergic inflammation.
Eotaxin-3 has a chemotactic effect on eosinophils and basophils, and exerts its effect by binding to the cell surface chemokine receptor CCR3. It is expressed in multiple tissues including heart, lung and ovary, and in endothelial cells stimulated by the cytokine interleukin 4. The chemokine gene is located on human chromosome 7.