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Human I-309/CCL1 was originally identified by subtractive hybridization as a transcript present in γ/δ T cell lines but not in EBV-transformed B cells. Human CCL1 is considered to be a homologue of mouse TCA3. Although the two proteins share only about 42% of their amino acid sequence, both chemokines contain an extra pair of cysteine residues that are not found in most other chemokines. Human CCL1 and mouse TCA3 also showed significant sequence homology in the 5' flanking region of their genes.