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IFN is divided into three types: α, β, and γ according to its source and structure. IFN-α and IFN-β are secreted by many cell types, including lymphocytes (NK cells, B cells and T cells), macrophages, fibroblasts, bladder cells, osteoblasts, etc. They stimulate macrophages and NK cells to elicit antiviral responses, involve the IRF3/IRF7 antiviral pathway, and also have antitumor activity. IFN-α2a is a subtype of INF-α.