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IGF-I R (Insulin-like Growth Factor I Receptor) is a receptor for insulin-like growth factor 1, belongs to receptor tyrosine kinases (receptor tyrosine kinases, RTKs), and is a member of the insulin receptor subfamily. IGF-l R is a kind of transmembrane receptor, the extracellular α subunit determines the specificity of ligand binding, and the transmembrane β subunit passes through the cell membrane and conducts ligand-induced signals. IGF-lR can be activated by insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I or IGF-II), causing phosphorylation of its own tyrosine kinase domain and initiating intracellular signal transduction to regulate cell growth and differentiation.