Analysis of Prostate-Specific Antigen/PSA by ELISA (CAT#: STEM-MB-1573-LGZ)

Introduction

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), also known as gamma-seminal plasma or kallikase 3(KLK3), is a glycoprotein encoded in humans by the KLK3 gene. PSA is a member of the kallikin-related peptidase family and is secreted by prostate epithelial cells. Ejaculation produces PSA, which liquefies semen clots and allows sperm to swim freely. PSA also dissolves cervical mucus, allowing sperm to enter the uterus. Men with normal prostates have only a small amount of PSA in their serum, while those with prostate cancer or other prostate disorders often have elevated levels. Obesity has been reported to lower serum PSA levels. Prostatitis, irritation, and benign prostatic hyperplasia can increase PSA levels and produce false positives. PSA is not the only diagnostic indicator for prostate cancer. It can also detect prostatitis or benign prostatic hyperplasia. Thirty percent of patients with high levels of PSA were diagnosed with prostate cancer after biopsy. Clinical practice guidelines for prostate cancer screening vary and are controversial because of uncertainty about whether the benefits of screening outweigh the risks posed by overdiagnosis and overtreatment.