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The binding force between an antibody and an antigenic epitope or antigenic determinant is called antibody affinity, and its essence is a non-covalent force, including the attraction between amino acids, hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic forces, etc. Antibody affinity reflects the ability of an antibody molecule to react with a hapten molecule or a determinant of an antigen molecule.
The strength of antibody affinity depends on the degree of coordination between the paratope of the antibody and the epitope used, including the size of the contact area, the closeness of the matching, and the distribution of the dotted group and the hydrophobic group, etc.