Autophagy Pathway Assay (CAT#: STEM-MB-0322-WXH)

Introduction

Autophagy is the natural, conserved degradation of the cell that removes unnecessary or dysfunctional components through a lysosome-dependent regulated mechanism. It allows the orderly degradation and recycling of cellular components. Although initially characterized as a primordial degradation pathway induced to protect against starvation, it has become increasingly clear that autophagy also plays a major role in the homeostasis of non-starved cells. Defects in autophagy have been linked to various human diseases, including neurodegeneration and cancer, and interest in modulating autophagy as a potential treatment for these diseases has grown rapidly.

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Principle Applications Procedure Materials Notes Related Products

Principle

Regulatory pathways of autophagy signaling pathway:
Autophagy that relies on the mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) pathway
PI3K-AKT-mTOR signal pathway
AMPK-TSC1/2-mTOR signal pathway
Other signal pathways
3-Methyladenine (3-MA) inhibits autophagy by inhibiting the activity of Class Ⅲ PI3K.
Beclin1 and UVRAG act as positive regulators, and the anti-apoptotic factor bcl-2 as negative regulators participate in the formation of Class Ⅲ PI3 complex to regulate autophagy.
GTP-bound G protein subunit Gαi3 inhibits autophagy; GDP-bound Gαi3 protein activates autophagy.
Death-associated protein linase (DAPK) and DAPK-related protein kinase-1 (DRP-1) induce autophagy.

Applications

To study the regulation mechanism of autophagy signal pathway in disease
To study the effect of each virus on autophagy signaling pathway
To study the effects of drugs or therapies on autophagy signaling pathways

Procedure

• Luminex Multiplex Assay
• Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
• Flow cytometry (FACS analysis) technology

Notes

Detectable targets: ATG13, ATG2, ATG12, ATG5, ATG7, ATG10, ATG3, ATG4, JNK, MYD88, Rac1, TLR4, ATG16, WIPi2, LC3I, PROLC3, ULK, FIP200, VPS15, VPS34, UYRAG, NFκB, RIG-1, TRAF3, GAS, IRF9, AMBRA1, p38, RIP1, TRAF5, Histone-H3, IRF5, MEK3, p38MAPK, SH2, TRAF6, IKK-α, IRS1, MEK6, p50, SLP76, TRAM, IKK-β, IRS2, MSK1, p65, Tak1, TRIF, IPS-1, ISGF3, MSK2, PI3K, TBK1, Vav, IRAK1, ISRE, mTOR, PKR, TLR3

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