Electrophoresis Technique

Electrophoresis is a chromatography technique by which a mixture of charged macromolecules such as DNA, RNA or protein in a fluid or gel is separated based on their size, electrical charge and binding affinity under the influence of an electric field. An electric current is used to move the molecules through a gel or other matrix. This technique is divided into two types: slab electrophoresis (including zone electrophoresis, immunoelectrophoresis, and isoelectrofocusing) and capillary electrophoresis (including gel electrophoresis and paper electrophoresis). Electrophoresis has a wide application in separating and analyzing biomolecules such as proteins, plasmids, RNA, DNA, nucleic acids.