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The spinal accessory nerve has been generally thought to be a cranial nerve with purely motor function, innervating the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles.
By confocal laser microscopy, clusters of sensory neurons consistent with the cranial nerves of adult rats were studied. Single small ganglia or several scattered small ganglia were observed adherent to the nerve spinal roots, small blood vessels, or isolated in the subarachnoid space.