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Besides the fact that some heavy metal ions are essential to many organisms in small doses, high doses affect the ecosystem and human health, and in the case of very toxic metals even small doses can be hazardous to human health. Heavy metals, by definition, are metals with a density. Heavy metals are prevalent in municipal and industrial effluents; they modify the structure and productivity of ecosystems. Several analytical methods are in use to determine heavy metal levels in various matrices. Of those, potentiometric sensors have attracted substantial interest and are especially advantageous for field, in situ, and remote applications.