Genomic Library

A genomic library is a collection of the total genomic DNA from a single organism. The DNA is stored in a population of identical vectors, each containing a different insert of DNA. Genomic libraries are commonly used for sequencing applications. They have played an important role in the whole genome sequencing of several organisms, including the human genome and several model organisms.

In the process of genomic library construction, the whole DNA sequence from animals or plants studied can be cut into many fragments and then inserted into vectors like plasmids. Therefore, the host cells transformed by those vectors comprise complete genes from the organism.

Fig.1 Construction of genomic library.

• Extraction and purification of DNA
  The purpose of this step is to isolate the complete DNA from the interest sample such as bacteria, viruses, plants, or animals. DNA extraction techniques include organic extraction (phenol-chloroform method), nonorganic method (salting out and proteinase K treatment), and adsorption method (silica-gel membrane).
• Digestion of DNA
  In this step, the DNA is digested into several fragments of similar sizes with a restriction enzyme, each containing one or more genes.
• Inserting the DNA fragments into vectors
  Use the enzyme DNA ligase to connect the DNA fragments to the vector. A large number of recombinant molecules are produced in this process.
• Transfection into host cells
  These recombinant molecules are taken up by a host bacterium by transfection, creating a DNA library.
• Determining titer of the library
  After a genomic library is constructed with a viral vector, the titer of the library can be determined. Calculating the titer allows researchers to approximate how many infectious viral particles were successfully created in the libraries.
• Screening library
  In order to isolate clones that contain regions of interest from a genomic library, the library must first be screened. The methods of screening include hybridization and PCR.

• Representing the entire genome of an organism
• Including all possible fragments of DNA from the given cell or organism
• Larger than cDNA library

• Identification of new genes
• Analysis of gene function
• Study of genetic mutations in cancer tissues
• Detection of related genes from different sources
• Hierarchical shotgun sequencing
• Positional cloning
• Transgenic research

Hybridization Ovens

Hybridization ovens are instruments used in molecular biology labs to prehybridize or hybridize the membranes used in blotting techniques. Modern designs combine a hybridization station, active mixing capability, accurate temperature control, and a fluorescent reader into one compact bench top unit.

Lab Automated Extraction Workcells

Extraction Workcells extremely simplify the process of separating pure nucleic acids and/or proteins from various natural resources. It is a reliable, automated system to automate the tedious, error-prone tasks in your protocols, with the flexibility to support frequent changes in your process

Digesters

Digesters break down samples into their basic constituents for analysis. Digestion is the process of breaking down substances into their basic constituents, typically by using reagents such as strong acids, alkalis, or enzymes. It causes the complex matrices of compounds to gradually decompose and separate into distinct elements of interest.

DNA/RNA/Protein Purification Systems

DNA/RNA/Protein Purification System is a compact automated nucleic acid extraction and purification platform that can process up to several samples simultaneously. The instrument can purify DNA or RNA from various sample types in the same consistent and reliable manner with higher throughput.

Electroporators

Electroporators increase membrane permeability so that new substances can be properly introduced. Offered in typical parameters of voltage, the appliances create an electrostatic field in solutions to allow macromolecule movement through provisional porous cell membranes.

DNA Sequencing Equipment

A DNA sequencer is a scientific instrument used to automate the DNA sequencing process. Given a sample of DNA, a DNA sequencer is used to determine the order of the four bases: G (guanine), C (cytosine), A (adenine) and T (thymine). This is then reported as a text string, called a read.

Laboratory Incubators

An incubator is a device used to grow and micro biological cultures or cell cultures. It is made up of a chamber with a regulated temperature. Some incubators also regulate humidity, gas composition, or ventilation within that chamber. An incubator maintains optimal temperature, humidity, and other conditions such as the oxygen content of the atmosphere inside.

Electrophoresis Systems

Electrophoresis equipment applies an electric charge to molecules, causing them to migrate towards their oppositely charged electrode. The technique is found in all research and clinical laboratories utilizing DNA and protein applications, and is divided into gel and capillary techniques. Choice of electrophoresis equipment depends on the molecule of study, appropriate method of separation and downstream application.

Centrifuges

A centrifuge is a device that uses centrifugal force to separate various components of a fluid. This is achieved by spinning the fluid at high speed within a container, thereby separating fluids of different densities. It works by causing denser substances and particles to move outward in the radial direction. At the same time, objects that are less dense are displaced and moved to the center.

Digital Gel Imaging Systems

Digital gel imaging system enables quick and easy visualization, documentation, and analysis of nucleic acid and protein gels, blots. An automatic gel imaging system works on the principle that when ultraviolet light is directed towards a stained gel, the dye gets excited, and emits fluorescent light. This phenomenon can be observed and recorded in the visible range using a digital camera.

PCR Workstation / PCR Hood

A PCR workstation, also called a PCR hood, is a work space, enclosed on three sides, that provides a space for doing amplification of DNA and/or RNA. PCR hoods are used in biology and genetic labs so that there isn’t any cross contamination between samples. PCR workstations have no circulation, which helps to prevent contamination, and UV lights for sterilization.

Real-time PCR System

Real-Time PCR, also called Quantitative PCR, was developed as a precise, efficient and rapid method for nucleic acid detection. Real-time PCR Detection System is mainly composed of control system, power supply system, photoelectric system, module components, hot lid, shell parts and software etc. Flexible choices of sample capacity with different layers of detection systems can be achieved.

Pipettes

A pipette is a laboratory tool commonly used in chemistry, biology and medicine to transport a measured volume of liquid, often as a media dispenser. Pipettes come in several designs for various purposes with differing levels of accuracy and precision, from single piece glass pipettes to more complex adjustable or electronic pipettes.

STEMart offers complete instruments and equipment used in the research of genomic library to facilitate your study. If you want to learn more detail about our devices, or would like to consult with the experts at STEMart, please feel free to contact us.