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Interleukin-19 (IL-19) is a newly discovered cytokine of the interleukin-10 (IL-10) superfamily. It was first discovered and cloned by Gallagher in 2000. IL-10 is generally considered to be a cytokine that systematically inhibits inflammation, while IL-19 and IL-10 are similar in sequence and structure and both consist of 5 exons and 4 introns, so they were thought to be similar biological activity. IL-10 is an anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic cytokine, while IL-19 has dual immune effects of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory, and also has biological effects such as promoting neo-angiogenesis and regulating the development of certain tumor diseases. However, it was later discovered that many studies have proved that the biological role of IL-19 is very different from IL-10, and it is widely expressed in a variety of cells and is involved in the occurrence and development of various inflammatory diseases. It plays an anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory role, and IL-19 also has different effects in diseases of different systems, especially in terms of inflammatory response.