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IL-34 is a new type of cytokine, secreted by the monocyte macrophage system, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, nerve cells, hepatocytes and epithelial cells, and is highly expressed in the heart, brain, liver, spleen, thymus, In the testes, ovaries, prostate, small intestine and colon. It has the ability of immune regulation and can promote inflammation. It can stimulate the growth, proliferation and differentiation of monocytes into macrophages, and promote the survival, proliferation and differentiation of osteoclasts as well as bone marrow cells.