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Kidney cancer is a malignant tumor originating from the renal parenchymal urinary tubular epithelial system. Various subtypes of renal cell carcinoma originating in different parts of the urinary tubules were included, but tumors originating in the renal interstitial and renal pelvis were excluded. The main types of cancer cells were clear cell carcinoma, granular cell carcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma, among which clear cell carcinoma was the most common. Clear cell carcinoma has a large volume, clear edges, polygonal shape, small, uniform nuclei, and deep staining. The cells are often arranged in sheets, papillaries, or tubes.