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Investigation of the effect of cell substrate on cancer cell stiffness by Optical tweezers (OT) (CAT#: STEM-MB-1331-WXH)

Introduction

Tumor microenvironment plays a decisive role in cancer progression, invasion and metastasis. One salient feature of the tumor microenvironment is its mechanical property, because it can affect cell survival, proliferation, adhesion and differentiation. The extracellular matrix (ECM) and neighboring cells are the main players of the mechanical interaction with the cell. The cell has the ability to change its mechanical properties in response to physical stimuli from the surrounding microenvironment. Cell stiffness is one of the mechanical properties which changes in the context of disease and has been identified as a possible marker for cell health.




Principle

Optical tweezers (originally called single-beam gradient force trap) are scientific instruments that use a highly focused laser beam to hold and move microscopic and sub-microscopic objects like atoms, nanoparticles and droplets, in a manner similar to tweezers. If the object is held in air or vacuum without additional support, it can be called optical levitation.
The laser light provides an attractive or repulsive force (typically on the order of piconewtons), depending on the relative refractive index between particle and surrounding medium. Levitation is possible if the force of the light counters the force of gravity. The trapped particles are usually micron-sized, or even smaller. Dielectric and absorbing particles can be trapped, too.

Applications

• Optical tweezers are used in biology and medicine (for example to grab and hold a single bacterium, a cell like a sperm cell or a blood cell, or a molecule like DNA).
• Nanoengineering and nanochemistry (to study and build materials from single molecules).
• Quantum optics and quantum optomechanics (to study the interaction of single particles with light).

Procedure

1.Sample preparation
2.Force Calibration
3.Measurement
4.Analysis

Materials

Optical tweezers
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