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Mass Cytometry (CAT#: STEM-CBT-0052-WXH)

Introduction

Mass cytometers combine time-of-flight mass spectrometry and flow cytometry. Cells are labeled with heavy metal ion-tagged antibodies (usually from the lanthanide series) instead of fluorescently-tagged antibodies and detected using time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
Advantages include minimal overlap in metal signals meaning the instrument is theoretically capable of detecting 100 parameters per cell, entire cell signaling networks can be inferred organically without reliance on prior knowledge, and one well-constructed experiment produces large amounts of data.




Principle

Mass cytometry is a mass spectrometry technique based on inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and time of flight mass spectrometry used for the determination of the properties of cells (cytometry). In this approach, antibodies are conjugated with isotopically pure elements , and these antibodies are used to label cellular proteins. Cells are nebulized and sent through an argon plasma, which ionizes the metal-conjugated antibodies. The metal signals are then analyzed by a time-of-flight mass spectrometer. The approach overcomes limitations of spectral overlap in by utilizing discrete isotopes as a reporter system instead of traditional fluorophores which have broad emission spectra.

Applications

• Phenotypic characterization
• Intracellular cytokine assay
• Intracellular signaling state characterization
• Cell volume and size measurement
• Cell viability identification
• Cell cycle identification
• Proliferation tracing
• Receptor occupancy assay
• Tetramer-based antigen-specific T cell screening
• Chromatin modification analysis
• RNA and protein co-detection

Procedure

1. Metal-labeled antibodies are used to recognize antigens on the cell surface or intracellularly
2. Cells are atomized and then ionized
3. The ion cloud enters the time-of-flight mass analyzer and records the arrival time of various metal ions
4. Detect the content of various labeled metals in the cells and generate mass spectrometry data
5. Data processing

Materials

Metallo-interchelators: the rhodium(Rh)-interchelator and iridium (Ir)-interchelator.
Metaltagged antibodies: antibodies are primarily tagged with the lanthanide series of metals

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