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Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are viruses that infect and replicate only in bacterial cells. They are ubiquitous in the environment and are recognized as the most abundant biological agent on earth. The bacteriophage consists of a polyhedral head, a short collar and a helical tail. Head-The head consists of 2000 capsomeres with double-stranded DNA enclosed within. Tail-The tail consists of an inner hollow tube which is surrounded by a contractile sheath with 24 annular rings.