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TNF-β Detection (CAT#: STEM-MB-0306-WXH)

Introduction

Tumor necrosis factor-β (TNF-β), also known as lymphotoxin-α(LT-α), is a cytotoxic protein of the TNF superfamily, which is mainly expressed by T and B lymphocytes. TNF-β is encoded by the LTA gene in the human genome, and expression is highly inducible. The expressed TNF-β can either form a soluble homotrimeric molecule or form a heterotrimer with lymphotoxin-β (LT-β). By binding to LT-β, TNF-β can be anchored on the cell surface by the form LT-α 1 -β 2 complex.




Principle

As a member of the TNF family, TNF-β can bind to its related receptors to activate the NF-κB pathway, thereby achieving participation in immune regulation through the innate immune response. In order to activate TNF-β, TNF-β must form a LT-α 1 -β 2 complex with LT-β. This complex can bind the LT-β receptor and activate related signal transduction pathways, such as the NF-κB pathway. The signaling sequence of the NF-κB classic pathway is first activation of IKK complexes (IKKα, β, and γ), and then IKK complexes release the inhibition of RelA / p50 heterodimer by regulating IκBα phosphorylation and subsequent degradation. Finally, the RelA/ p50 heterodimer enters the nucleus and induces the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and adhesion molecule-related genes.

Applications

TNF-β plays multiple roles in the innate immune system.
TNF-β has a strong antagonistic effect on cell proliferation ability and can destroy tumor growth, so it is an important cancer regulator.
TNF-β is involved in regulating physiological functions such as cell survival, differentiation, and apoptosis.

Procedure

1. Process samples.
2. TNF-β detection (qPCR, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Flow cytometry).
3. Analysis results.

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