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Besides being the most potent blocker of ultraviolet radiation, the role of melanin in photoprotection is complex. This is because one type of melanin called eumelanin is UV absorbent, whereas the other, pheomelanin, is photounstable and may even promote carcinogenesis. Two types of melanogenesis, eumelanogenesis and pheome-lanogenesis, can be switched from one type to another under certain physiologic or pathologic conditions.