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Determining the freezing point of high-density hydrocarbon fuel by differential scanning calorimetry technology (CAT#: STEM-PPA-0162-LJX)

Introduction

High density hydrocarbon fuel is an important component of liquid propellant. From aircraft and missiles to rocket propulsion and satellite control, high-density hydrocarbon fuel has important application value. In order to satisfy the good ignition performance and flow performance in high altitude low temperature environment, the fuel must not only have a higher volume calorific value, but also have a good low temperature performance.
The freezing point of fuel is the lowest temperature at which the fuel is free of hydrocarbon crystallization, which is an important index to characterize the low temperature performance of fuel. This is because hydrocarbon crystals that appear in the fuel when lowered to the freezing point block the fuel from passing through the vehicle's filters.




Principle

When the physical properties of a substance change (such as crystallization, melting or crystal transformation, etc.) or a chemical reaction occurs, it is often accompanied by changes in thermodynamic properties such as enthalpy, specific heat, and thermal conductivity.
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is to characterize the physical or chemical change process by measuring the change of the thermodynamic properties of substances. It is a thermal analysis method to measure the relationship between the power difference of the sample and the reference substance and the temperature under the condition of programmed temperature control.
Differential scanning calorimetry can easily achieve programmed temperature rise and temperature drop. The rate of heating and cooling can be set at will in a wide range, and the crystallization and melting process of the sample can be clearly displayed through the heat flow curve, so it is often used to determine the melting and crystallization temperature of various samples.

Applications

For determining the freezing point of liquid

Procedure

1. Place the sample in the differential scanning calorimeter
2. Cooling: slowly add liquid nitrogen to the cooling tank to reduce the furnace temperature and fully freeze the sample
3. Heating up: take off the cooling tank, cover the outer cover of the furnace and the insulation cover, and heat up at a speed of 10℃/min
4. Stop the experiment after the sample is completely melted and the DSC heat flow curve returns to the baseline level

Materials

• Sample Type:
High-density hydrocarbon fuel

Notes

The experiment should be repeated 3-5 times to ensure the accuracy of the results.
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