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Bacteriophage is a general term for viruses that infect bacteria, fungi, algae, actinomyces or spirochaeta. It is called bacteriophage because some of them can cause lysis of host bacteria. It was first identified in Staphylococcus and Shigella in the early 2000s. As a type of virus, phages have some of the characteristics of viruses: they are tiny; Lack of complete cellular structure; Contains only a single nucleic acid.