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Analysis Biomolecular Interactions of pAzF and Bioconjugates by BLI (CAT#: STEM-MB-0127-CJ)

Introduction

Bioconjugation is a chemical technique used to couple two molecules together, at least one of which is a biomolecule, such as a carbohydrate, nucleic acid, or protein. Proteins are especially diverse biomolecules due to the variety of amino acids available and are thus important substrates in bioconjugation reactions.

The nsAA para-azido-phenylalanine (pAzF) can encode a biorthogonal chemical moiety that facilitates "click" reactions to attach diverse chemical groups for protein functionalization. However, the azide moiety is unstable in physiological conditions and is reduced to para-amino-phenylalanine (pAF).




Principle

Bio-Layer Interferometry (BLI) is an optical technique for measuring macromolecular interactions by analyzing interference patterns of white light reflected from the surface of a biosensor tip. BLI experiments are used to determine the kinetics and affinity of molecular interactions. In a BLI experiment, one molecule is immobilized to a Dip and Read Biosensor and binding to a second molecule is measured. A change in the number of molecules bound to the end of the biosensor tip causes a shift in the interference pattern that is measured in real-time.

Applications

Pharmacology; Materials science

Procedure

1. Detect Buffers and prepare samples. BLI experiments are set up with one molecule immobilised on the surface of the biosensor (load sample) and a second molecule in solution (the analytical sample).
2. Fix the load sample on the biocompatible biosensor while the analytical sample is in solution.
3. The biosensor tip is immersed in the solution so that the target molecule begins to bind to the analysis sample.
4. Set up and run the BLI experiment. Molecules bound to or dissociated from the biosensor can generate response curves on the BLI system; unbound molecules, changes in the refractive index of the surrounding medium or changes in flow rate do not affect the interferogram pattern.
5. Collect and analyse data on the BLI's system.

Materials

• Equipment: Fortebio Bio-Layer Interferometry (BLI)
• Sample Type: DNA, RNA, Protein, Antibodies, Peptides, Small Molecules
• Optionals: 4-azido-L-phenylalanine, pUltra-CNF, pMECS, Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG), Salt buffer
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