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Antithrombin-III, a member of the Serpin superfamily encoded by the SerpinC1 gene, has been found to be a marker of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). This protein inhibits thrombin and other activated serine proteases from the clotting system and regulates the clotting cascade. Antithrombin-III is the most important thrombin factor inhibitor, and even small changes to Antithrombin-III significantly increase the risk of thromembolism. Antithrombin-III can inhibit inflammation by either dependent or independent thrombin effects. In addition to Antithrombin-III deficiency, Antithrombin-III and its encoded gene SerpinC1 may also be associated with many diseases, such as hypertension and kidney disease.