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Human Chemokine (C-C Motif) Ligand 23 (CCL23) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family. CCL23 is also known as myeloid progenitor inhibitory factor MPIF-1, CK8 and SCYA23. The CCL23 cDNA encodes a 120 amino acid residue precursor protein containing a 21 amino acid residue signal peptide, which is cleaved to generate a 99 amino acid residue mature CCL23 (amino acids 22-120). Additional N-terminal processing of the 99 amino acid residue variant produced a 75 amino acid residue peptide (amino acids 46-120) that was significantly more active than the 99 amino acid residue variant. CCL23 has high affinity to CCR1 and has chemotactic activity on monocytes, dendritic cells and osteoclast precursors. CCL23 enhances angiogenesis of endothelial cells but reduces proliferation of progenitor cells giving rise to granulocytic and monocyte lineages.