Analysis the Casein with Tea Polyphenols Interaction by Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) / -Dissipation (QCM-D) (CAT#: STEM-MB-0750-CJ)

Introduction

Casein is a family of related phosphoproteins (αS1, aS2, β, κ) that are commonly found in mammalian milk, comprising about 80% of the proteins in cow's milk and between 20% and 60% of the proteins in human milk. Sheep and Cow milk have a higher casein content than other types of milk with human milk having a particularly low casein content. Casein has a wide variety of uses, from being a major component of cheese, to use as a food additive.

Polyphenols are the major active compounds present in teas. Tea polyphenols (Tea polyphenols), also known as vitamins and polyphenols, is a kind of thick-ringed aromatic hydrocarbons, which is the general name of polyphenols in tea, including flavanols, anthocyanins, flavonoids, flavonols and phenolic acids. Among them, the flavanols (catechins) are the most important, accounting for about 70% of the total tea polyphenols. Tea polyphenols are one of the main components that form the color and flavor of tea, and also one of the main components of tea with health functions.

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Principle Applications Procedure Materials Notes Related Products

Principle

The basic principle of QCM is the piezoelectric effect of quartz crystal. Upon an alternating voltage applied to the two poles of the quartz crystal, the quartz crystal of QCM produces mechanical vibration or oscillation. This resonance is greatly sensitive to the thickness of the crystal/electrode system and the frequency of the acoustic frequency. Once the mass on the quartz crystal increases or decreases, the resonance will be disturbed and the resonance frequency of the quartz crystal will change. Thus, the mass variation on the quartz crystal electrode surface is transformed into the frequency variation of the output electric signal of the quartz crystal oscillation and is further transformed into the high-precision data by the computer.

Applications

Biochemistry; Food Chemistry; Agricultural

Procedure

1. Sensor preparation, reduce the risk of damaging or contaminating the sensor surface.
2. Preparation of sample liquids.
3. Places the sensor into the flow cell and ensures perfect alignment.
4. Instant identification of specific sensors by unique ID number.
5. Using quarter turn bayonet type sealed flow cell.
6. Enter the experiment details in the information panel.
7. Display frequency and dissipation in real time.
8. Observe the bubble-free filling through the transparent window.
9. Electronic log file detects all steps in the measurement process.
10. Export and analyze the data.

Materials

• Sample: Proteins; Microbes; Nucleic Acids; Enzymes; Cells; Polymers; Small molecules; Antibody; Lipids; Virus-like particles (VLPs);
• Equipment: Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) / Quartz Crystal Microbalance-Dissipation (QCM-D)
• Running buffer
• (Optional) PBS solution

Notes

1. QCM is an extremely sensitive mass balance that measures nanogram to microgram level changes in mass per unit area.
2. QCM detection limit is approximately 250 ng mL−1, which is similar to that of the existing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.
3. Unlike traditional QCM, the QCM with an added D measures an additional parameter, namely the dissipation factor. so QCM-D has great advantages in providing binding kinetics information by virtue of its label-free breadth of applicability, low cost, and sensing unique mass distribution and viscoelastic behavior aspects of whole-cell responses in real time.
4. QCM-D was able to measure nanoparticle-induced platelet microaggregation for all nanoparticles tested at concentrations that were undetectable by light aggregometry and flow cytometry.

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