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Leaves of S. nigrum contain solanin; solanidin are poisonous to cattle, sheep, horses and goat. The effects of poison are necrosis, paralysis, salivation, vomiting and diarrhoea. The medicinal value of drug plants is due to the presence of some chemical substances in the plant tissues which produce a definite physiological action on the human body. These chemicals include alkaloids, flavanoids, glucosides, tannins, gums, resins, essential oils, fatty oils, carbon compounds, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen salts of some chemicals, etc.