Unlock Exclusive Discounts & Flash Sales! Click Here to Join the Deals on Every Wednesday!
Kidney stone is caused by abnormal accumulation of crystalline substances (such as calcium, oxalic acid, uric acid, cystine, etc.) in the kidney. It is a common and frequently occurring disease of the urinary system. The disease is more common in men than in women, mostly in young adults.
Treatment of renal calculi is highly dependent on the chemical composition of the stone in question, which is difficult to determine using standard imaging techniques.
Dark field microscopy can be used to accurately classify kidney stones in fresh pig kidneys, so this method is expected to be used in clinical diagnosis and treatment of kidney stones.