The protist Haplosporidium costale belonging to the phylum Haplosporidia mainly infects the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica. This parasite was first reported to cause high mortalities in one and two years-old C. virginica along the Atlantic coast of Virginia in the 1960s.
A real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR, or qPCR) is a laboratory technique of molecular biology based on the polymerase chain reaction(PCR). It monitors the amplification of a targeted DNA molecule during the PCR(i.e.,in real time), not at its end, as in conventional PCR.
Two common methods for the detection of PCR products in real-time PCR are(1)non-specific fluorescent dyes that intercalate with any double-stranded DNA and (2)sequence-specific DNA probes consisting of oligonucleotides that are labelled with a fluorescent reporter, which permits detection only after hybridization of the probe with its complementary sequence.