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Layilin (LAYN), a 55 kDa transmembrane protein homologous to C-type lectins, is present in many cell lines and tissue extracts. LAYN specifically binds hyaluronic acid, but not the other mucopolysaccharides tested, through its extracellular domain (a component of the extracellular matrix ubiquitously present in most animal tissues and body fluids). Studies have shown that LAYN may mediate signals from the extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton through interactions with different intracellular binding elements, thereby participating in the modulation of cell cortical structure.