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Kalata B1, a prototypic cyclotide, was found to induce leakage of the self-quenching fluorophore, carboxyfluorescein, from phospholipid. kalata B1 can enter cells via both endocytosis and direct membrane translocation.
Lipid membranes act as a barrier separating the inner cellular space from the outer environment and further helping in the transmission of signals across the cell boundary. The correct composition and structure of cell membranes define key pathophysiological aspects of cells.