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For the first time, the production of negative nitrogen dioxide thermal ions is used to measure nitrogen dioxide in a mass spectrometer after conversion into nitrate. We investigated the dependence of the ion intensity on the temperature and the material of the ionization filament in a double-filament ion source with sodium nitrate, lead nitrate and nitron nitrate as chemical compounds. The isotope dilution technique can be applied for the standardization of other analytical methods. The relative external standard deviation of the isotope ratio measurement is in the range of 0.02%. The possible applications of isotope dilution mass spectrometry using negative nitrogen dioxide thermal ions to determine NOx, nitrite and nitrate are discussed.