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Determining the freezing point of propellant by Hortvet method (CAT#: STEM-PPA-0159-LJX)

Introduction

Liquid single-component propulsion technology is the core technology of satellite attitude and orbit control adjustment. It has the advantages of simple working system, small size, high reliability and good adaptability. Since the 1960s, hydrazine has been the dominant standard single-component liquid propellant in aerospace applications, but it has low specific impulse, high freezing point, high toxicity, and flammable and explosive, requiring expensive ground support and support systems. Therefore, the development of non-toxic, non-polluting, high-performance single-component green propulsion technology that can replace hydrazine has become an urgent need for the development of space power. Since the propellant system is often used in environmental conditions with large temperature differences, it is necessary to ensure that the system can maintain a uniform liquid state under harsh temperature conditions.




Principle

The current popular method for detecting the freezing point of milk is the Hortvet cryoscope. A beaded thermistor and a churn device are arranged in the sample tube of the detector. During the test, a small amount of milk sample is put into the sample tube and immediately placed in the cold trap. The temperature of the sample is measured by the thermistor. The sample is rapidly iced and slowly cooled until -3 ℃. A vibrating stirring rod sends energy pulses toward the wall of the sample test tube, forming ice crystals that create a "frozen pulse." As the supercooled milk sample freezes, the potential heat of melting is released, and the temperature of the sample rises to the freezing point plateau, after which the temperature continues to drop. The temperature of the platform is the freezing point of milk.

Applications

For determining the freezing point of liquid

Procedure

1. Put the sample into the test tube
2. Put the test tube into the cold trap
3. Stir and ice the sample quickly with slow cooling until -3 ℃
4. The sample forms ice crystals
5. Read the freezing temperature

Materials

• Sample Type:
Propellant

Notes

The cold trap temperature can be automatically controlled at a constant temperature between -6.5 ℃ and -9.5 ℃.
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