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Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE, CD143) is zinc metallopeptidase with broad substrate specificity which plays an important role in diverse processes such as blood pressure regulation, the development of vascular pathology and remodeling, and immunity. ACE is constitutively expressed on the surface of endothelial cells, absorptive epithelial and neuroepithelial cells, and cells of the immune system, such as activated macrophages and dendritic cells. ACE has also been defined as a marker of hematopoietic stem cells. Two ACE isoforms are expressed namely somatic ACE, which contains homologous N- and C-terminal domains,6 and the testis-specific form, denoted testicular ACE (tACE). The latter is solely expressed in germ cells during spermatogenesis and comprised of only the C-terminal domain with a unique 36-residue sequence at its N-terminus. Disruption of the ACE gene in mice resulted in a dramatic decrease in male fertility and kidney function. ACE was assigned as a CD marker, designated CD143.