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Therapeutic antibodies are a major class of biopharmaceuticals that have been developed as treatments for a variety of therapeutic areas. The advantages of therapeutic antibodies include the high specificity and binding affinity to their molecular targets, and generally low immunotoxicity and mild adverse effects. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) including immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses, such as IgG1 and IgG4, have attracted the most attention, because of their simpler structures and longer half-lives than those of other subclasses. Characterization of these therapeutic antibodies and their derivatives becomes more challenging, owing to the increasing complexity of these biomolecules and their heterogeneity. This service provides a highly sensitive, high-resolution microfluidic nCE-MS method for antibody charge variant and impurity analysis.