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Magnetic tweezers, a powerful single-molecule manipulation technique, can be adapted for the direct measurements of the rotation and torque in biological macromolecules. Rotation and the corresponding torque generation are common, though often underappreciated, features of a number of cellular processes. It can broadly identify two kinds of processes that have been of particular interest to researchers: those involving DNA, one of the major chiral molecules of the cell, and its related processing machinery; and those involving the so-called rotary motors, such as F0F1-ATPase and the bacterial flagellar motor.