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Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) (CAT#: STEM-MB-0187-WXH)

Introduction

Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)is a laboratory technique combining reverse transcription of RNA into DNA (in this context called complementary DNA or cDNA)and amplification of specific DNA targets using polymerase chain reaction(PCR). It is primarily used to measure the amount of a specific RNA.This is achieved by monitoring the amplification reaction using fluorescence, a technique called real-time PCR or quantitative PCR(qPCR). Combined RT-PCR and qPCR are routinely used for analysis of gene expression and quantification of viral RNA in research and clinical settings.
The use of RT-PCR for the detection of RNA transcript has revolutionized the study of gene expression in the following important ways:
(1)Made it theoretically possible to detect the transcripts of practically any gene
(2Enabled sample amplification and eliminated the need for abundant starting material required when using northern blot analysis
(3)Provided tolerance for RNA degradation as long as the RNA spanning the primer is intact




Principle

In RT-PCR, the RNA template is first converted into a cDNA using a reverse transctiptase. The cDNA is then used as a template for exponential amplification using PCR.
The quantification of using RT-PCR can be achieved as either a one-step or a two-step reaction. The difference between the two approaches lies in the number of tubes used when performing the procedure. The two-step reaction requires that the reverse transcriptase reaction and PCR amplification be performed in separate tubes. On the other hand, the entire reaction from cDNA synthesis to PCR amplification occurs in a single tube in the one-step approach.

Applications

• Analysis of gene expression
• Identification of Unknown Species
• Quantification of viral RNA
• Molecular cloning
• Sequencing
• Gene deletion analysis,
• Mutation and polymorphism analysis
• RNA detection
• Gene insertion and gene therapy study
• Genetic disease diagnosis
• Cancer detection

Procedure

1.Preparatory Stage:
RNA extraction is done, and all the reaction mixture is prepared.
2. Reverse Transcription
3. Amplification
4. Product Analysis Stage--gel electrophoresis

Materials

Reverse transcriptases: Reverse transcriptases from Moloney murine leukemia virus (MMLV) and avian myeloblastoma virus (AMV) are the most commonly used enzymes.
fluorescent DNA probes: SYBR Green, TagMan, molecular beacons, scorpion probes, multiplex probes
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