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Study of Magnitude and Direction of Vesicle Dynamics in Growing Pollen Tubes by Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) (CAT#: STEM-MT-0013-WXH)

Introduction

The delivery of cell wall material and membrane to growing plant cell surfaces requires the spatial and temporal coordination of secretory vesicle trafficking. Dense populations of vesicles moving rapidly are typical for plant cells with an active secretory mechanism and for rapidly growing cells. In plant cells, both cell growth and shape change require enlargement of the plasma membrane and expansion of the adjoining cell wall. To allow for an increase in cellular surface, additional material for both membrane and cell wall needs to be provided. These are delivered in the form of secretory vesicles. The contents packaged inside these vesicles consist of the precursor molecules that are added to the cell wall, whereas the membrane surrounding the vesicle is inserted into the expanding plasma membrane. In no other plant cellular system is this process of precisely controlled vesicle delivery as impressively visible as in the rapidly growing pollen tube.




Principle

Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) is a microscopy technique capable of quantifying the mobility of molecules within cells. By exploiting the phenomenon of photobleaching, fluorescent mole- cules within a region of interest can be selectively and irreversibly 'turned off'. It is capable of quantifying the two-dimensional lateral diffusion of a molecularly thin film containing fluorescently labeled probes, or to examine single cells.

Applications

• Characterization of the mobility of individual lipid molecules within a cell membrane.
• Analysis of molecule diffusion within the cell
• Study of protein interaction partners, organelle continuity and protein trafficking.

Procedure

1. An initial fluorescence of fluorescent molecules is measured in the region of interest (ROI).
2. The fluorescent molecules are rapidly photobleached by focusing the high-intensity laser beam onto the defined area.
3. The exchange of bleached molecules with unbleached molecules from the surrounding region is followed over time using a low-intensity laser.

Materials

• Optical microscope.
• Light source.
• Fluorescent probe.
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