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Official Full Name: cortistatin
Also known as: SST2; CST-14; CST-17; CST-29
This genetically encoded neuropeptide is structurally similar to somatostatin. It binds to all known somatostatin receptors and shares many pharmacological and functional properties with somatostatin, including inhibition of neuronal activity. However, it also has many properties distinct from somatostatin, such as inducing slow-wave sleep, apparently by antagonizing the excitatory effects of acetylcholine on the cortex, reducing locomotor activity, and activating cation-selective currents that are unresponsive to somatostatin. The preproproteins are further processed into various mature products. There is a readable transcript between this gene and the upstream APITD1 (apoptosis-inducing, taf9-like domain 1) gene.