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The erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) is encoded by the EPOR gene in humans. It is a polypeptide with a molecular weight of 59 kDa and is a member of the cytokine receptor family. The cytoplasmic domain of EPOR contains many Janus kinase 2 phosphorylated tyrosines that serve as anchor sites for intracellular pathway signaling and activators of transcription. Deletion of the erythropoietin receptor causes erythroleukemia and familial polycythemia. Excess production of red blood cells can lead to adverse cardiovascular events such as blood clots and strokes. EPOR signaling prevents neuronal death and ischemic injury.