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Growth hormone (GH) belongs to the growth factor family and is synthesized by the anterior pituitary gland. GH is a multifunctional cytokine, and many cells have GH receptors, through which GH acts. GH stimulates the liver and other tissues to produce IGF-1, which regulates growth and metabolism. In addition, GH can also directly act on immune cells to regulate immune activity. Human GH cDNA encodes a precursor of 217 amino acids, with a leader peptide of 26 amino acids.