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Official Full Name: neuropilin 1
Also known as: NP1; NRP; BDCA4; CD304; VEGF165R
The gene encodes one of two neuropirins that contain specific protein domains that enable them to participate in several different types of signaling pathways that control cell migration. Neuropirin contains a large N-terminal extracellular domain consisting of complement fixation, coagulation factor V/VIII, and meprin domains. These proteins also contain a short transmembrane domain and a small cytoplasmic domain. Neuropeptides bind many ligands and various types of co-receptors; they affect cell survival, migration and attraction. Some of the ligands and co-receptors that neuropirin binds are members of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and signaling protein families. The protein was also identified as a co-receptor for SARS-CoV-2 (causing COVID-19) to infect host cells.