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OX40 binds to the ligand OX40L (CD252, TNFSF4) to transmit co-stimulatory signals. The OX40 gene is located on chromosome 1 in humans and mice and encodes a 34kD transmembrane glycoprotein type II. OX40L can be expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as B cells, dendritic cells and macrophages. In addition, expression can be induced in other cell types such as Langerhans cells, endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, mast cells, and NK cells.