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APOA2 encodes apolipoprotein A-II (ApoA-II), which is the second most abundant protein of the high density lipoprotein particles. The protein is found in plasma as a monomer, homodimer, or heterodimer with apolipoprotein D. Defects in this gene may result in apolipoprotein A-II deficiency or hypercholesterolemia.
Amyloid beta peptide is a 42-amino acid peptide and derives from the precursor protein, amyloid beta precursor protein (APP). The amyloid beta precursor protein is a transmembrane glycoprotein that spans the membrane once. The gene for amyloid beta precursor protein is on chromosome. It is a large membrane protein that normally plays an essential role in neural growth and repair. However, later in life, a corrupted form can destroy nerve cells, leading to the loss of thought and memory in Alzheimer's disease.