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ZO-1 is thought to regulate the actomyosin cytoskeleton in epithelial cells; however, its function remains controversial, as depletion was linked to both increased and decreased junctional actomyosin. Occludin is an important protein in tight junction function. Studies have shown that rather than being important in tight junction assembly, occludin is important in tight junction stability and barrier function.
Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin are key molecules in cell–cell contacts. They are tight junction constituents and therefore play a pivotal role in tissue differentiation and organogenesis.