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Detection of hemizygosity at the elastin locus by Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) (CAT#: STEM-MB-1205-WXH)

Introduction

Both Williams syndrome and isolated supravalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS) are caused by mutations at the elastin locus.
Williams syndrome (WS) is a rare genetic disorder. People with WS may have mild to moderate delays in their cognitive development (ability to think and reason) or learning difficulties.
Supravalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS) is a heart defect that develops before birth. This defect is a narrowing (stenosis) of the large blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body (the aorta). If SVAS is not treated, the aortic narrowing can lead to shortness of breath, chest pain, and ultimately heart failure.




Principle

FISH uses fluorescent probes with complementary base sequences to locate the presence or absence of specific portions of DNA on chromosomes. The probe and target DNA must be denatured with heat or chemicals to break hydrogen bonds in the DNA and to allow hybridisation to occur once the two samples are mixed. The fluorescent probes form new hydrogen bonds with their complementary base pairs on the DNA, and these can then be detected via microscopy.

Applications

Detect and localize the presence or absence of specific DNA sequences on chromosomes.
Detect and localize specific RNA targets (mRNA, lncRNA and miRNA) in cells, circulating tumor cells, and tissue samples.

Procedure

1. Sample preparation
2. Co-denaturation and hybridization
3. Probe detection
4. Wash off of unbound probe
5. Analysis by flow cytometer/fluorescence microscopy

Materials

• Flow cytometer
• Fluorescence microscopy
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