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Site-specific mutation is the basis of recombinant DNA evolution. This method changes the encoded amino acid sequence by changing the nucleotide sequence of a specific site of a gene. It is often used to study the influence of an amino acid residue on the structure, catalytic activity and ligand binding ability of a protein, and can also be used to modify the characteristic sequence of DNA regulatory elements, modify expression vectors, and introduce new enzyme restriction sites. In conclusion, site-specific mutation of genes is an important means for us to further understand the relationship between protein structure and function.