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Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a hormone that, along with growth hormone (GH), helps promote normal bone and tissue growth and development. IGF-1 testing can be used to evaluate adolescents and children with growth retardation. IGF-1 is primarily produced by the liver, skeletal muscle, and many other tissues in response to GH stimulation. IGF-1 mediates many of the effects of GH, stimulating the growth of bone and other tissues, and promoting the production of muscle mass. IGF-1 also plays a role in non-growth activities such as glucose, fat metabolism and is associated with metabolic syndrome.