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The primary function of red blood cells is to transport O2 and CO2 to multiple tissues and organs in the body. The normal play of this function mainly depends on two factors: (1) whether the intracellular hemoglobin has normal configuration and perfect oxygen carrying capacity; (2) Whether the cell has a suitable geometric shape, and has a good deformation ability to adapt to the flow field, and is easy to reach various tissues and organs of the body through various blood vessels, including capillaries. In other words, this function of red blood cells is closely related to its morphology, mechanical properties of the cell membrane, and the structure and function of Hb in the cell. In recent years, many studies have reported that pH value can affect the morphology and deformability of red blood cells, membrane protein and lipid bilayer, membrane stability and deformability, and in vitro Hb, thus affecting the function of red blood cells to transport O2 and CO2.